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Melicope pallida

(Hillebr.) T.G.Hartley & B.C.Stone (1989)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Rutaceae Genus: Melicope

alani, alani kuahiwi

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 6–10 m tall, trunk stout, new growth black–resinous and minutely grayish white puberulent.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Whorled, 3 per node. Blades narrowly elliptic–ovate or oblong–ovate, 6–21 cm long, 2.5–8 cm wide; folded in a broad v shape. Apex obtuse, acute, or short-acuminate. Base rounded to cordate. Surfaces glabrous; medium green with lower surfaces paler and dull, usually crowded toward the ends of the branches, thin, coriaceous and brittle. Margins entire. Paler veins on upper surface, primary lateral veins 12–20 pairs, not prominent, venation pinnate, lateral veins connected by an arched submarginal vein, higher order venation forming a reticulate pattern. Petioles ascending, 15–40 mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers 15–35 in minutely white puberulent, axillary, paniculate cymes up to 6 cm long, peduncles obscurely quadrangular, 10–25 mm long, pedicels 5–10 mm long, bracteoles subulate, up to 5 mm long, bracts small, opposite. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 4 sepals; sepals deltate, ca. 2 mm long, puberulent externally, glabrous within, apex acute, imbricate. Corolla of 4 petals; petals pale yellowish green, oblanceolate, 3.5–5 mm long, sparsely puberulent externally, glabrous within, valvate. Stamens 8, in 2 whorls, distinct. Ovary superior, glabrous; style ca. 1 mm long, 4-celled and 4-lobed, carpels connate, only slightly distinct at apex to almost entirely distinct; ovules 2 per cell, hemitropous, 1 ascending; style 1, terminating in 4 short stigmatic branches.

Fruit: Fruit 17–21 mm wide; of distinct follicles 9–10 mm long; exocarp glabrous and somewhat glaucous; especially when immature; endocarp glabrous. the carpels dehiscing along the upper suture; exocarp. Seeds 2 per follicle; ca. 3.5 mm long. glossy black when ripe; crustaceous; ovoid; sometimes angled from compression; embryo straight in fleshy endosperm; radicle short; cotyledons compressed; ovate; putamen brown; warty.

Ploidy:

Habitat: From drier phase of diverse mesic forest.

Elevation Range: 490–610 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic
O'ahu Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Taxon 38: 121 (1989)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1198 (K, O [as Pelea pallida]); Hartley & Stone 1989:121 (COMBNOV, Syn. P. pallida = M. pallida); Lorence et al. 1995:52 (REDISCOVER/K); Miles K. Thomas pers. obs./Montgomery s.n. BISH 76100 (O†, 1970)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In a dry gulch, on northern face of gulch. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. Oahu BISH 1959-12-08
2 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In forest. Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1960-04-22
3 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On a steep rock face at the side of the stream. Habitat mesic, with Dodonaea, Lepidium serra, Pipturus, Alyxia, Pleomele, Boehmeria, Coprosma. Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 3271 Kauai BISH 1989-11-06
4 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details On a mesic forested slope. Associates: Metrosideros, Diospyros, Pittosporum, Tetraplasandra, Psychotria, Hibiscus, Canthium, Alyxia, Psidium guajava, Rauvolfia. Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2207 Kauai BISH 1986-04-01
5 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Isolated hanging side-valley of Lowland Diverse Mesic Forest surrounded by precipitous cliffs; Assoc. w/Gouania, Poa mannii, Peucedanum, Hedyotis sp. nov.; Lysimachia glutinosa, Melicope pallida, Nototrichium sp.nov.+ N. sandwicense; Dubautia sp. nov.; Dryopteris, Metrosideros, Lipochaeta subcordata, Lobelia niihauensis, Lepidium, Nestegis, etc. (see label). Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 1427 Kauai BISH 1991-12-03
6 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13129 Oahu BISH 1933-05-12
7 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-acacia montane mesic forest, W/ Alphitonia, Pouteria, Xylosma hawaiiensis, Diospyros sandwicensis, Myrsine lanaiensis, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla tameiameiae, Kadua affinis, Melicope ovata, Pleomele, Tetraplasandra kavaiensis, Psych Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 14558 Kauai BISH 2011-03-25
8 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21556 Kauai BISH 1952-07-03
9 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 10578 Oahu BISH 1936-04-22
10 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. Oahu BISH 1959-12-09
11 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. Oahu BISH 1959-11-29
12 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. Oahu BISH 1959-12-09
13 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Oahu BISH 1933-05-12
14 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. Oahu BISH 1959-12-09
15 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 10578 Oahu BISH 1936-04-22
16 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 21556 Kauai BISH 1952-07-03
17 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
18 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Swezey, O.H. Oahu BISH 1933-05-07
19 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Lane, I.E. Oahu BISH 1959-12-09
20 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Oahu BISH
21 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Wooded slope Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 13130 Oahu BISH 1933-05-12
22 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dryland forest of Pipturus skottsbergii, Sapindus oahuensis, Osmanthus sandwicensis, etc. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3477 Oahu BISH 1960-05-05
23 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In forest. Preserved_Specimen Judd Jr., A.F. 25 Oahu BISH 1936-04-22
24 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In a dry gulch, on northern face of gulch. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. Oahu BISH 1959-12-08
25 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Diverse Montane Precipitous Slopes w/small pockets of forest & vertical cliffs. Assoc. w/Poa mannii, Melicope pallida, Nototrichium sp.nov; Acacia koa, Dryopteris unidentata, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Lipochaeta, Vaccinium dentatum, Wilkesia etc. (see label). Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 1229 Kauai BISH 1991-09-15
26 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mixed mesic forest above with Metrosideros - Acacia koa - Dicranopteris, Pritchardia minor, Dodonaea, Leptecophylla, Pouteria, Scaevola, Pittosporum kauaiense, Alphitonia, Psychotria mariana, P. greenwelliae, Melicope barbigera, M. anisata, M. ovata, Wikstroemia furcata, Lysimachia kalalauensis, Cryptocarya, Hedyotis knudsenii, Cocculus, Lobelia Preserved_Specimen Tangalin, N. 1835 Kauai BISH 2008-11-11
27 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In a dry gulch, on northern face of gulch. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. Oahu BISH 1959-12-08
28 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep Diverse Montane Mesic Forest & sheer cliffs w/Remya montgomeryi, Nototrichium sp., Hedyotis ssp., Nothocestrum longifolium, Hibiscadelphus sp. nov., Phyllostegia electra, Myrsine linearifolia, Eurya sandwicensis, Melicope pallida, Exocarpos, weeds...Passiflora mollissima, Rubus argutus, Kalanchoe, Erigeron, Lonicera. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 808 Kauai BISH 1991-05-09
29 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details stream walls back of canyon; Metrosideros, Claoxylon, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Freycinetia, Syzygium sandwicensis, Boehmeria grandis, Machaerina angustifolia, Dicranoptereis linearis, Pouteria, Lantana Preserved_Specimen Perlman, S. 19410 Kauai BISH 2004-12-07
30 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros mixed mesic forest along stream. Associated plants: Melicope, Embelia, Perrottetia, Dubautia, Hedyotis, Cyrtandra, Carex, Psychotria, Nestegis. S aspect. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 2586 Kauai BISH 1993-05-24
31 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Acacia kow - Metrosideros polymorpha - Divranopteris linearis montane mesic wth Alphitonia ponderosa, Melicope feddei, Planchonella sandwicensis, Bobea brevipes, Melicope barbigera, Dodonaea viscosa, Kadua affinis, Dookia kunthiana Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 15137 Kauai BISH 2012-08-02
32 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Steep Diverse Montane Mesic Forest w/Poa mannii, Dubautia, Hedyotis sp. nov.; Lysimachia glutinosa, Melicope pallida, Nototrichium sp.nov; Acacia koa, Dryopteris unidentata, Metrosideros, Coprosma, Lipochaeta, Vaccinium dentatum, Wilkesia. Preserved_Specimen Wood, K.R. 1159 Kauai BISH 1991-08-20
33 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Associated with Abutilon sandwicense, Charpentiera, Sapindus. Preserved_Specimen Montgomery, S.L. Oahu BISH 1970-05-03
34 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In dryland forest of Pipturus skottsbergii, Sapindus oahuensis, Osmanthus sandwicensis, etc. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3477 Oahu BISH 1960-05-05
35 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In a dry gulch, on northern face of gulch. Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. Oahu BISH 1959-12-08
36 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details S side of gulch in native mesophytic forest. Preserved_Specimen Gagné, W.C. 511 Oahu BISH 1970-05-03
37 Melicope pallida Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Degraded Ohia (Metrosideros) Lowland Mesic Forest Metrosideros polymorpha var. glaberrima, Acacia koa, Dodonaea viscosa, Kadua affinis, Hedychium gardnerianum, Erharta stipoides, Rubus argutus, Artemisia australis Preserved_Specimen Williams, A.M. 691 Kauai BISH 2021-07-14
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